What are options - Call (Call) and Put (Put)?

There are two types of options on the market now – call (Call) and Put (Put). And it is with them that all transactions on the options market are made.. They are similar in their properties., but act exactly the opposite in relation to each other. Options were originally created for hedging, that is, minimizing losses from an asset price movement up or down. And this is where the main difference between Call and Put options lies..