Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond

Region & Communities

Our work to support the nation’s economy includes a focus on the economic well-being of our District, which covers North and South Carolina, Maryland, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and most of West Virginia. Learn more about our research and engagement in our communities:
Small Town &
Rural Initiative

Understanding the economic challenges facing our smaller towns and sharing what works to address them.
Regional Data &
Analysis

Regional surveys, economic indicators and in-depth analysis of the communities in our District.
Community Development & Engagement

Working to identify economic opportunities in low- and moderate-income and underserved communities.
Latest Economic Research

Publications
The Port of Baltimore Will Bounce Back
Macro Minute
April 9, 2024
Adam Scavette
Regional Economy
Remotely Interesting? Sensing Tools Shed Light on On-Site Expectations in the Fifth District
Regional Matters
March 26, 2024
Emily Corcoran
Data & Analysis
Hornstein-Kudlyak-Lange Non-Employment Index

April 12, 2024
The Non-Employment Index was 7.5 percent in March 2024, edging down 0.1 percentage point from February 2024. The index increased 0.2 percentage points compared to March 2023.
        Month,HKL Nonemployment Index,HKL Nonemployment Index Including PTER,Civilian Unemployment Rate (U-3),Unemployed plus Marginally Attached (U-5),Unemployed plus Marginally Attached and PTER (U-6)
1994-01-01,9.982248755,11.04486957,6.6,8,11.7
1994-02-01,9.807177576,10.96763843,6.6,7.9,11.4
1994-03-01,9.701044628,10.91554522,6.5,7.8,11.5
1994-04-01,9.568944812,10.75383711,6.4,7.7,11.3
1994-05-01,9.359937621,10.57514145,6.1,7.3,10.9
1994-06-01,9.35018301,10.56502995,6.1,7.3,11
1994-07-01,9.29304718,10.4544194,6.1,7.4,10.8
1994-08-01,9.242719961,10.36187447,6,7.3,10.6
1994-09-01,9.151949163,10.26329734,5.9,7.2,10.4
1994-10-01,9.077851624,10.21814492,5.8,7,10.4
1994-11-01,8.977685669,10.12843965,5.6,6.8,10.1
1994-12-01,8.897703732,10.01531141,5.5,6.7,10.1
1995-01-01,8.918130859,10.10875579,5.6,6.7,10.1
1995-02-01,8.847170885,9.931938683,5.4,6.6,9.9
1995-03-01,8.884402596,9.987449049,5.4,6.6,9.9
1995-04-01,8.973348308,10.06478784,5.8,6.8,10.1
1995-05-01,9.015089837,10.14460608,5.6,6.8,10.1
1995-06-01,8.951737451,10.07510501,5.6,6.7,10.1
1995-07-01,8.93700077,10.07281502,5.7,6.8,10.1
1995-08-01,8.9783096,10.12381644,5.7,6.8,10.1
1995-09-01,8.968254962,10.12093057,5.6,6.7,10.2
1995-10-01,8.961177932,10.08323046,5.5,6.7,10
1995-11-01,8.947902615,10.08408596,5.6,6.7,10.1
1995-12-01,8.969346294,10.07847484,5.6,6.7,10
1996-01-01,8.93983276,9.979918348,5.6,6.8,9.8
1996-02-01,8.917840592,10.00485014,5.5,6.7,10
1996-03-01,8.85186416,9.947079173,5.5,6.6,9.9
1996-04-01,8.843469492,9.925962999,5.6,6.7,10
1996-05-01,8.860272598,9.936738397,5.6,6.6,9.8
1996-06-01,8.711562081,9.784735687,5.3,6.5,9.7
1996-07-01,8.716602469,9.823511243,5.5,6.5,9.7
1996-08-01,8.628499632,9.728024211,5.1,6.2,9.4
1996-09-01,8.566103468,9.652916851,5.2,6.2,9.5
1996-10-01,8.616426442,9.700090476,5.2,6.2,9.5
1996-11-01,8.696916751,9.704766478,5.4,6.4,9.4
1996-12-01,8.621809172,9.701957009,5.4,6.4,9.6
1997-01-01,8.617913413,9.679626899,5.3,6.3,9.4
1997-02-01,8.61887217,9.65573644,5.2,6.2,9.3
1997-03-01,8.529497942,9.540019133,5.2,6.2,9.1
1997-04-01,8.42786039,9.471672886,5.1,6.1,9.3
1997-05-01,8.419956467,9.414820979,4.9,5.9,8.9
1997-06-01,8.376253341,9.35995474,5,6,8.9
1997-07-01,8.24506039,9.258935271,4.9,5.8,8.7
1997-08-01,8.20667785,9.204788084,4.8,5.8,8.7
1997-09-01,8.283238392,9.264436439,4.9,5.8,8.7
1997-10-01,8.180625007,9.158912401,4.7,5.6,8.5
1997-11-01,8.152236446,9.125223186,4.6,5.6,8.4
1997-12-01,8.177964916,9.120956067,4.7,5.7,8.5
1998-01-01,8.097021943,9.073989142,4.6,5.6,8.4
1998-02-01,8.049222435,8.991772129,4.6,5.5,8.3
1998-03-01,8.098666884,9.036658192,4.7,5.6,8.4
1998-04-01,7.93187165,8.814171118,4.3,5.2,8
1998-05-01,7.944886414,8.860633649,4.4,5.3,8
1998-06-01,8.011463828,8.933993702,4.5,5.4,8.1
1998-07-01,8.069838778,9.018333125,4.5,5.5,8.2
1998-08-01,8.043756042,8.911932418,4.5,5.4,7.9
1998-09-01,7.992846793,8.834011258,4.6,5.5,8
1998-10-01,8.007963315,8.848064728,4.5,5.4,7.9
1998-11-01,7.910461152,8.716338055,4.4,5.3,7.7
1998-12-01,7.885505172,8.710294897,4.4,5.2,7.6
1999-01-01,7.867335138,8.708819086,4.3,5.2,7.6
1999-02-01,7.909536575,8.7362073,4.4,5.2,7.7
1999-03-01,7.858493964,8.713325802,4.2,5,7.5
1999-04-01,8.041418351,8.834764762,4.3,5.2,7.7
1999-05-01,7.87654147,8.705637348,4.2,5,7.4
1999-06-01,7.898511821,8.718130392,4.3,5.1,7.5
1999-07-01,7.845239976,8.671707205,4.3,5.1,7.5
1999-08-01,7.816550158,8.618157104,4.2,5,7.3
1999-09-01,7.831887351,8.624735143,4.2,5,7.4
1999-10-01,7.729621749,8.493090895,4.1,5,7.2
1999-11-01,7.699593072,8.458568292,4.1,4.9,7.2
1999-12-01,7.651964188,8.432830151,4,4.8,7.1
2000-01-01,7.593019543,8.350166882,4,4.8,7
2000-02-01,7.709367017,8.455541582,4.1,4.9,7.1
2000-03-01,7.732554104,8.492462191,4,4.8,7.1
2000-04-01,7.608686907,8.333845629,3.8,4.7,6.9
2000-05-01,7.782981476,8.56954735,4,4.8,7.1
2000-06-01,7.6265408,8.377357172,4,4.7,7
2000-07-01,7.640253282,8.395667342,4,4.8,7
2000-08-01,7.672451584,8.446405093,4.1,4.8,7.1
2000-09-01,7.633875342,8.393749384,3.9,4.7,7
2000-10-01,7.619784181,8.37278054,3.9,4.6,6.8
2000-11-01,7.655048175,8.444549197,3.9,4.7,7.1
2000-12-01,7.638560792,8.388494167,3.9,4.7,6.9
2001-01-01,7.728028861,8.503811948,4.2,5,7.3
2001-02-01,7.761631997,8.523491937,4.2,5.1,7.3
2001-03-01,7.821048262,8.584137616,4.3,5,7.3
2001-04-01,7.972454005,8.723042635,4.4,5.1,7.4
2001-05-01,8.060130479,8.873782504,4.3,5.1,7.5
2001-06-01,8.139205907,9.02052807,4.5,5.3,7.9
2001-07-01,8.09460648,8.936499712,4.6,5.4,7.9
2001-08-01,8.407565585,9.220832508,4.9,5.8,8.2
2001-09-01,8.380194581,9.359255706,5,5.8,8.7
2001-10-01,8.644060431,9.671218538,5.3,6.3,9.3
2001-11-01,8.731849019,9.700011016,5.5,6.4,9.4
2001-12-01,8.841487186,9.848896879,5.7,6.6,9.6
2002-01-01,8.913986404,9.849107954,5.7,6.6,9.4
2002-02-01,8.821419947,9.79703697,5.7,6.5,9.5
2002-03-01,8.806287842,9.75093249,5.7,6.6,9.4
2002-04-01,8.873959938,9.826375543,5.9,6.9,9.7
2002-05-01,8.79923573,9.753190651,5.8,6.8,9.6
2002-06-01,8.786762129,9.724261302,5.8,6.7,9.5
2002-07-01,8.803416069,9.771404492,5.8,6.8,9.6
2002-08-01,8.73905303,9.764957368,5.7,6.7,9.6
2002-09-01,8.703935586,9.695211035,5.7,6.6,9.6
2002-10-01,8.677885257,9.672293426,5.7,6.6,9.6
2002-11-01,8.819223392,9.778343376,5.9,6.8,9.8
2002-12-01,8.750285715,9.728052951,6,6.9,9.8
2003-01-01,8.795715938,9.838766514,5.8,6.8,9.9
2003-02-01,8.821332966,9.901298849,5.9,6.9,10.1
2003-03-01,8.933992206,9.992513406,5.9,6.9,10
2003-04-01,8.887510094,9.962161339,6,7,10.2
2003-05-01,8.962948785,10.00924904,6.1,7.1,10.1
2003-06-01,9.000992797,10.04798157,6.3,7.2,10.3
2003-07-01,8.970265153,10.03417287,6.2,7.1,10.3
2003-08-01,8.945676524,9.983038211,6.1,7.1,10.1
2003-09-01,8.93427288,10.03551705,6.1,7.1,10.4
2003-10-01,8.920007213,9.995273446,6,7,10.2
2003-11-01,8.78562142,9.84824489,5.8,6.8,10.1
2003-12-01,8.772455679,9.839666793,5.7,6.6,9.8
2004-01-01,8.714056876,9.775799528,5.7,6.7,9.8
2004-02-01,8.665831604,9.67555079,5.6,6.6,9.7
2004-03-01,8.792173257,9.860601747,5.8,6.8,10
2004-04-01,8.663542712,9.674522509,5.6,6.6,9.6
2004-05-01,8.656907045,9.694398038,5.6,6.6,9.7
2004-06-01,8.63358487,9.633354721,5.6,6.6,9.6
2004-07-01,8.625660595,9.626935303,5.5,6.5,9.5
2004-08-01,8.598231066,9.626954816,5.4,6.4,9.4
2004-09-01,8.580850149,9.585406257,5.4,6.4,9.4
2004-10-01,8.619830711,9.685851349,5.5,6.5,9.7
2004-11-01,8.571553278,9.562278159,5.4,6.3,9.4
2004-12-01,8.557713123,9.546321425,5.4,6.3,9.3
2005-01-01,8.508313066,9.482312438,5.3,6.3,9.2
2005-02-01,8.56884532,9.512693558,5.4,6.4,9.2
2005-03-01,8.492529983,9.472115591,5.2,6.2,9.1
2005-04-01,8.452995451,9.380627045,5.2,6.1,9
2005-05-01,8.374401439,9.338707432,5.1,6.1,8.9
2005-06-01,8.406748682,9.391350973,5,6,9
2005-07-01,8.318647985,9.292774095,5,5.9,8.8
2005-08-01,8.233707574,9.247065151,4.9,5.9,8.9
2005-09-01,8.379331061,9.413865606,5,6,9
2005-10-01,8.339110112,9.281197656,5,5.9,8.7
2005-11-01,8.40201962,9.309263571,5,6,8.7
2005-12-01,8.356279465,9.257944251,4.9,5.9,8.6
2006-01-01,8.242637021,9.142647635,4.7,5.6,8.4
2006-02-01,8.238952292,9.157562995,4.8,5.6,8.4
2006-03-01,8.136781573,9.011781238,4.7,5.6,8.2
2006-04-01,8.269492466,9.097826383,4.7,5.6,8.1
2006-05-01,8.092362858,8.996589636,4.6,5.5,8.2
2006-06-01,8.084948504,9.026182226,4.6,5.6,8.4
2006-07-01,8.145442262,9.084854169,4.7,5.7,8.5
2006-08-01,8.114074416,9.051196899,4.7,5.7,8.4
2006-09-01,8.096812926,9.013121742,4.5,5.3,8
2006-10-01,8.060917676,9.012484583,4.4,5.3,8.2
2006-11-01,8.111056654,9.004138767,4.5,5.4,8.1
2006-12-01,8.010247338,8.916018244,4.4,5.2,7.9
2007-01-01,8.085013068,9.003564475,4.6,5.5,8.3
2007-02-01,8.056969957,8.965028893,4.5,5.4,8.1
2007-03-01,7.904310494,8.827967957,4.4,5.3,8
2007-04-01,8.182316,9.086758557,4.5,5.4,8.2
2007-05-01,8.134480369,9.104138154,4.4,5.3,8.2
2007-06-01,8.105352799,9.03626698,4.6,5.4,8.3
2007-07-01,8.123083665,9.074023372,4.7,5.5,8.4
2007-08-01,8.148142638,9.158875964,4.6,5.5,8.4
2007-09-01,8.196049459,9.191569835,4.7,5.5,8.4
2007-10-01,8.191253521,9.133039762,4.7,5.6,8.4
2007-11-01,8.11003825,9.061112509,4.7,5.6,8.5
2007-12-01,8.281748973,9.263206122,5,5.8,8.8
2008-01-01,8.29459313,9.333746347,5,5.9,9.1
2008-02-01,8.283993263,9.327165812,4.9,5.8,9
2008-03-01,8.401934313,9.454846372,5.1,5.9,9.1
2008-04-01,8.430435131,9.516443549,5,5.9,9.2
2008-05-01,8.587663066,9.722708309,5.4,6.3,9.7
2008-06-01,8.640979448,9.82550287,5.6,6.5,10
2008-07-01,8.825300892,10.11049193,5.8,6.7,10.5
2008-08-01,8.970693661,10.24249324,6.1,7.1,10.8
2008-09-01,9.057692473,10.38366347,6.1,7.1,11.1
2008-10-01,9.196257403,10.62564856,6.5,7.5,11.8
2008-11-01,9.447590364,10.98706608,6.8,8,12.7
2008-12-01,9.721237071,11.42198823,7.3,8.4,13.6
2009-01-01,10.15173361,11.88199129,7.8,9,14.1
2009-02-01,10.37120339,12.23177662,8.3,9.5,15.1
2009-03-01,10.56583293,12.50494197,8.7,10,15.8
2009-04-01,10.66308084,12.51934893,9,10.2,15.9
2009-05-01,10.86235144,12.79328236,9.4,10.7,16.5
2009-06-01,10.90183742,12.83020501,9.5,10.7,16.5
2009-07-01,10.73933872,12.67093131,9.5,10.7,16.4
2009-08-01,10.7527637,12.67295036,9.6,10.9,16.7
2009-09-01,10.82448464,12.68425926,9.8,11.1,16.7
2009-10-01,10.93714751,12.83665338,10,11.3,17.1
2009-11-01,10.79192581,12.6959578,9.9,11.3,17.1
2009-12-01,10.85581558,12.76160125,9.9,11.3,17.2
2010-01-01,10.76438837,12.57383461,9.8,11.2,16.6
2010-02-01,10.77494259,12.65253762,9.8,11.2,17
2010-03-01,10.75115608,12.68871924,9.9,11.2,17.1
2010-04-01,10.59975244,12.51898718,9.9,11.4,17.2
2010-05-01,10.48780911,12.34704513,9.6,11,16.7
2010-06-01,10.4099684,12.2328955,9.4,10.9,16.4
2010-07-01,10.47399967,12.31347698,9.4,10.9,16.4
2010-08-01,10.54488922,12.39073056,9.5,10.9,16.5
2010-09-01,10.57552976,12.47126778,9.5,11,16.9
2010-10-01,10.52844063,12.38663433,9.4,11,16.6
2010-11-01,10.67444529,12.51317783,9.8,11.3,16.9
2010-12-01,10.47803449,12.34029554,9.3,10.8,16.6
2011-01-01,10.39544774,12.17581339,9.1,10.6,16.1
2011-02-01,10.34121751,12.11393637,9,10.6,16
2011-03-01,10.2569462,12.06751837,9,10.4,16
2011-04-01,10.37469165,12.18672388,9.1,10.6,16.1
2011-05-01,10.31135565,12.11186968,9,10.4,15.9
2011-06-01,10.41817046,12.19481837,9.1,10.7,16.1
2011-07-01,10.40162235,12.16840665,9,10.6,15.9
2011-08-01,10.33756064,12.15152236,9,10.5,16.1
2011-09-01,10.30290626,12.14615889,9,10.5,16.4
2011-10-01,10.25744908,12.06156056,8.8,10.3,15.8
2011-11-01,10.17960088,11.92546401,8.6,10.2,15.6
2011-12-01,10.09483899,11.79235539,8.5,10,15.2
2012-01-01,9.981551165,11.68462956,8.3,9.8,15.1
2012-02-01,9.961544005,11.66986564,8.3,9.8,15
2012-03-01,9.965576911,11.57907516,8.2,9.6,14.6
2012-04-01,9.966627902,11.60385051,8.2,9.6,14.7
2012-05-01,9.927368208,11.6096171,8.2,9.7,14.8
2012-06-01,9.964377229,11.63867663,8.2,9.6,14.7
2012-07-01,9.973677785,11.65366225,8.2,9.6,14.7
2012-08-01,10.02701088,11.65102713,8.1,9.6,14.6
2012-09-01,9.796273138,11.51130637,7.8,9.3,14.8
2012-10-01,9.772944568,11.46843105,7.8,9.2,14.4
2012-11-01,9.827202841,11.49244881,7.7,9.2,14.4
2012-12-01,9.880221138,11.5093596,7.9,9.4,14.4
2013-01-01,9.993520682,11.6215901,8,9.3,14.5
2013-02-01,9.810248084,11.48422272,7.7,9.2,14.3
2013-03-01,9.746961638,11.32228623,7.5,9,13.9
2013-04-01,9.756886868,11.38437641,7.6,9,14
2013-05-01,9.757759347,11.36968421,7.5,8.8,13.9
2013-06-01,9.731862821,11.38914492,7.5,9.1,14.2
2013-07-01,9.57394147,11.2207609,7.3,8.7,13.8
2013-08-01,9.466114287,11.04728651,7.2,8.6,13.6
2013-09-01,9.462276906,11.03921626,7.2,8.6,13.5
2013-10-01,9.542063404,11.19195421,7.2,8.6,13.6
2013-11-01,9.325997133,10.89385439,6.9,8.2,13.1
2013-12-01,9.257873286,10.84893877,6.7,8.1,13.1
2014-01-01,9.223481819,10.67195019,6.6,8,12.6
2014-02-01,9.241492529,10.72501255,6.7,8,12.6
2014-03-01,9.231901805,10.73044855,6.7,8,12.7
2014-04-01,9.059936548,10.57816578,6.2,7.6,12.3
2014-05-01,9.128798372,10.57782299,6.3,7.7,12.3
2014-06-01,9.027544562,10.53535398,6.1,7.3,12
2014-07-01,9.066707444,10.55462754,6.2,7.4,12.1
2014-08-01,9.071324811,10.52928766,6.1,7.4,12
2014-09-01,9.007028534,10.40748533,5.9,7.2,11.7
2014-10-01,8.877340054,10.33031873,5.7,7.1,11.5
2014-11-01,8.935792725,10.32264422,5.8,7.1,11.4
2014-12-01,8.807251266,10.18410143,5.6,6.9,11.2
2015-01-01,8.84419415,10.18237282,5.7,6.9,11.2
2015-02-01,8.792329843,10.13105371,5.5,6.7,10.9
2015-03-01,8.738435155,10.05987188,5.4,6.7,10.9
2015-04-01,8.73570049,10.05405515,5.4,6.7,10.9
2015-05-01,8.693890293,9.995652128,5.6,6.8,10.9
2015-06-01,8.665670564,9.944080544,5.3,6.4,10.4
2015-07-01,8.663715389,9.905022154,5.2,6.3,10.3
2015-08-01,8.45381301,9.761779322,5.1,6.2,10.2
2015-09-01,8.551643744,9.731728741,5,6.2,10
2015-10-01,8.55159839,9.736737077,5,6.2,9.8
2015-11-01,8.51277787,9.737193701,5.1,6.1,10
2015-12-01,8.443272476,9.649696204,5,6.1,9.9
2016-01-01,8.370715193,9.537167907,4.8,6,9.7
2016-02-01,8.370441401,9.560634702,4.9,5.9,9.6
2016-03-01,8.367633596,9.567530008,5,6.1,9.8
2016-04-01,8.422805234,9.607701801,5.1,6.1,9.9
2016-05-01,8.325177273,9.583660643,4.8,5.9,9.9
2016-06-01,8.312543673,9.447120889,4.9,5.9,9.5
2016-07-01,8.326749257,9.483259553,4.8,5.9,9.6
2016-08-01,8.26167619,9.478993792,4.9,5.9,9.6
2016-09-01,8.438867048,9.578634958,5,6.1,9.7
2016-10-01,8.432392961,9.625533762,4.9,5.9,9.6
2016-11-01,8.27690972,9.395299035,4.7,5.9,9.4
2016-12-01,8.268585763,9.37128468,4.7,5.7,9.2
2017-01-01,8.233033804,9.365933176,4.7,5.6,9.2
2017-02-01,8.16214528,9.278070728,4.6,5.6,9
2017-03-01,8.089555207,9.174055906,4.4,5.4,8.8
2017-04-01,8.0472971,9.085925289,4.4,5.4,8.6
2017-05-01,8.035656102,9.045854408,4.4,5.3,8.5
2017-06-01,7.950505064,8.982308579,4.3,5.2,8.5
2017-07-01,7.912137153,8.931758028,4.3,5.2,8.5
2017-08-01,7.984381818,9.032189073,4.4,5.3,8.6
2017-09-01,7.866679341,8.84472762,4.3,5.2,8.3
2017-10-01,7.842196791,8.796827217,4.2,5.1,8.1
2017-11-01,7.862302895,8.790324623,4.2,5.1,8
2017-12-01,7.859112239,8.833239293,4.1,5.1,8.1
2018-01-01,7.799069997,8.79264487,4,4.9,8
2018-02-01,7.76690503,8.794821038,4.1,5,8.1
2018-03-01,7.773524972,8.764156262,4,4.9,8
2018-04-01,7.752212024,8.723915549,4,4.8,7.9
2018-05-01,7.680392036,8.624546897,3.8,4.7,7.8
2018-06-01,7.700802468,8.62312219,4,4.8,7.8
2018-07-01,7.61358739,8.483744017,3.8,4.7,7.5
2018-08-01,7.66541126,8.511062721,3.8,4.7,7.4
2018-09-01,7.617297324,8.474725213,3.7,4.7,7.5
2018-10-01,7.621128387,8.490975353,3.8,4.7,7.5
2018-11-01,7.597178013,8.487318368,3.8,4.7,7.6
2018-12-01,7.646553974,8.549010463,3.9,4.8,7.6
2019-01-01,7.717088461,8.750182766,4,4.9,8
2019-02-01,7.616682865,8.503795044,3.8,4.6,7.2
2019-03-01,7.617946132,8.524657394,3.8,4.7,7.4
2019-04-01,7.529544033,8.455493331,3.7,4.5,7.4
2019-05-01,7.492533795,8.319954745,3.6,4.5,7.1
2019-06-01,7.486338295,8.330417549,3.6,4.5,7.2
2019-07-01,7.572512862,8.31040919,3.7,4.5,6.9
2019-08-01,7.428860588,8.246811719,3.6,4.5,7.2
2019-09-01,7.28364271,8.066474523,3.5,4.2,6.9
2019-10-01,7.258710769,8.071955776,3.6,4.3,6.9
2019-11-01,7.312502193,8.099353259,3.6,4.3,6.8
2019-12-01,7.291231689,8.092279242,3.6,4.3,6.8
2020-01-01,7.322752946,8.200739431,3.6,4.4,6.9
2020-02-01,7.372154981,8.270335549,3.5,4.3,7
2020-03-01,8.143657103,9.294394182,4.4,5.3,8.8
2020-04-01,15.53328876,17.7349695,14.8,16,22.9
2020-05-01,14.28918503,16.34601223,13.2,14.5,21.1
2020-06-01,12.52335905,14.24788694,11,12.4,18
2020-07-01,11.93433279,13.49536558,10.2,11.3,16.5
2020-08-01,10.62905293,12.01983576,8.4,9.6,14.2
2020-09-01,10.32459497,11.48775313,7.8,8.9,12.8
2020-10-01,9.294255876,10.54489621,6.8,8,12
2020-11-01,9.257746966,10.49379801,6.7,7.8,11.9
2020-12-01,9.233741074,10.40575713,6.7,7.9,11.7
2021-01-01,8.886654789,10.08496895,6.4,7.5,11.2
2021-02-01,8.931986904,10.15013914,6.2,7.4,11.1
2021-03-01,8.791790928,9.947315743,6.1,7.2,10.8
2021-04-01,8.775032182,9.825538993,6.1,7.1,10.4
2021-05-01,8.698265983,9.685366612,5.8,6.9,10.1
2021-06-01,8.572125438,9.466348498,5.9,7,9.8
2021-07-01,8.389894707,9.220504092,5.4,6.5,9.2
2021-08-01,8.184429327,8.98080598,5.1,6,8.8
2021-09-01,8.048262687,8.851029814,4.7,5.7,8.4
2021-10-01,7.915934252,8.718312797,4.5,5.5,8.1
2021-11-01,7.760591242,8.54197166,4.1,5.1,7.7
2021-12-01,7.628358325,8.374426783,3.9,4.9,7.3
2022-01-01,7.714502097,8.505170602,4,4.9,7.2
2022-02-01,7.5855888,8.416883278,3.8,4.7,7.2
2022-03-01,7.586642058,8.412093975,3.6,4.5,7
2022-04-01,7.585817435,8.388485226,3.7,4.6,7.1
2022-05-01,7.500326657,8.293411002,3.6,4.5,7.1
2022-06-01,7.481446459,8.185555224,3.6,4.5,6.7
2022-07-01,7.495716397,8.231609889,3.5,4.4,6.8
2022-08-01,7.466004799,8.196596641,3.6,4.5,7
2022-09-01,7.484962173,8.166476977,3.5,4.4,6.7
2022-10-01,7.498679482,8.148006441,3.6,4.5,6.7
2022-11-01,7.497315046,8.163757858,3.6,4.5,6.7
2022-12-01,7.372483459,8.096292641,3.5,4.2,6.5
2023-01-01,7.242361539,8.084697396,3.4,4.2,6.7
2023-02-01,7.315187791,8.113747997,3.6,4.4,6.8
2023-03-01,7.347562251,8.147981671,3.5,4.3,6.7
2023-04-01,7.283136999,8.05385283,3.4,4.3,6.6
2023-05-01,7.466496169,8.137521403,3.7,4.5,6.8
2023-06-01,7.372370624,8.175103043,3.6,4.4,6.9
2023-07-01,7.36432273,8.111534099,3.5,4.3,6.7
2023-08-01,7.442673227,8.182677514,3.8,4.6,7.1
2023-09-01,7.467537995,8.18401674,3.8,4.6,7
2023-10-01,7.467064702,8.226584222,3.8,4.6,7.2
2023-11-01,7.486937089,8.204277364,3.7,4.6,7
2023-12-01,7.540378534,8.314141751,3.7,4.6,7.1
2024-01-01,7.410806452,8.317118077,3.7,4.6,7.2
2024-02-01,7.574632549,8.417854407,3.9,4.7,7.3
2024-03-01,7.501884085,8.334382128,3.8,4.7,7.3
Careers at the Fed

Life at the Richmond Fed

While our work is serious, our workplace is more casual—from the way we dress to the activities we share. It’s a friendly, inclusive place to be.
You'll Love Our Benefits

Our approach is about enhancing work and life experiences. Think generous paid days off, a pension and retirement savings plan, wellness offerings, development opportunities and more.